Modifying Detection and Mitigation CLI Settings
The default settings that are configured for the rogue AP detection and mitigation features are adequate for most situations. However, many default settings can be changed if your network requires lighter or heavier scanning and/or mitigation services. The following is the list of rogue-ap commands:
controller (config)# rogue‐ap ?
acl Add a new rogue AP ACL entry. aging Sets the aging of alarms for rogue APs. assigned‐aps Number of APs assigned for mitigation. blocked Add a new rogue AP blocked entry. detection Turn on rogue AP detection. min‐rssi Sets RSSI Threshold for Mitigation. mitigation Set the rogue AP mitigation parameters.
mitigation‐frames Sets the maximum number of mitigation frames sent out per channel.
operational‐time Sets the APs time on the home channel during scanning. scanning‐channels Sets the global Rogue AP scanning channels. scanning‐time Sets the APs per channel scanning time
As a general rule, unless the AP is in dedicated scanning mode, the more time that is spent scanning and mitigating, the less time is spent by the AP in normal WLAN operating services. Some rules determine how service is provided:
- The controller picks the APs that will scan and mitigate; those that mitigate are dependant on their proximity to the rogue AP and the number of mitigating APs that have been set.
- To preserve operational performance, APs will mitigate only the home channel if they have clients that are associated.
- Settings are administered globally; there is no way to set a particular AP to mitigate.
- Mitigation is performed only on clients associated to rogue APs; the rogue APs themselves are not mitigated. It is the network administrator’s responsibility to remove the rogue APs from the network.
- AP mitigation frames are prioritized below QoS frames, but above Best Effort frames.
- To reduce network traffic, you may configure the scanning channels list that contains only the home channels
Changing the Number of Mitigating APs with the CLI
By default, three Mitigating APs are selected by the controller to perform scanning and mitigation. This number can be set to a high of 20 APs or down to 1 AP, depending on the needs of your network. To change the number of mitigating APs to 5:
controller (config)# rogue-ap assigned-aps 5
Changing the Scanning and Mitigation Settings with the CLI
When rogue AP scanning is enabled, for any given period, the AP spends part of the time scanning channels, and part of the time performing normal AP WLAN operations on the home channel. This cycle of scan/operate repeats so quickly that both tasks are performed without noticeable network operation degradation.
If scanning is enabled, the rogue-ap operational-time command sets the number of milliseconds that are spent in operational time, performing normal wireless services, on the home channel. This command is related to the rogue-ap scanning-time command. The channels that are scanned are determined by the rogue-ap scanning channels command. The complete set of default channels are 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,36,40,44,48,52,56,60,64,149,153,157,161,165.
The following command changes the operational time from the default 400 to 2500 milliseconds: controller (config)# rogue-ap operational-time 2500
The following command changes the scanning time from the default 100 to 200 milliseconds: controller (config)# rogue-ap scanning-time 200
The following command sets the scanning channels to 1, 6, 11, 36, 44, 52, 60:
controller (config)# rogue-ap scanning-channels 1,6,11,36,44,52,60 controller (config)# exit
To verify the changes, use the show rogue-ap globals command:
controller# show rogue-ap globals
Global Settings
Detection : on
Mitigation : selected
Rogue AP Aging (seconds) : 60
Number of Candidate APs : 5
Number of Mitigating APs :5
Scanning time in ms : 200
Operational time in ms : 2500
Max mitigation frames sent per channel : 10
Scanning Channels : 1,6,11,36,44,52,60
RSSI Threshold for Mitigation : ‐100
Changing the Minimum RSSI with the CLI
RSSI is the threshold for which APs attempt to mitigate rogues; if the signal is very week (distant AP), APs won’t try to mitigate it.
The command to change the minimum RSSI (Received Signal Strength Indication) level, over which a station will be mitigated is rogue-ap min-rssi. A level range of 0 of -100 is supported, with -100 being the default setting.
The following command sets the minimum RSSI level to -80:
controller (config)# rogue-ap min-rssi -80 controller (config)#
TABLE 20: CLI Commands for Rogue Mitigation
| Rogue Mitigation Command |
Action |
| rogue-ap mitigation all |
Sets rogue mitigation for all rogue APs that are not on the access control list. |
| rogue-ap mitigation selected |
Sets rogue mitigation for all rogue APs that are on the blocked list. |
| rogue-ap mitigation wiredrogue |
Sets rogue mitigation for all wired-side rogue APs. If rogue clients on the wired side are added to the blocked ACL list, then only those listed wired-side rogue clients are blocked. |
| show rogue-ap globals |
Displays current rogue data. |
| rogue-ap mitigation none |
Turns off rogue mitigation. |
Rogue Mitigation Example
Rogue AP mitigation for APs in the blocked list is enabled and confirmed as follows:
controller# configure terminal controller(config)# rogue‐ap detection controller(config)# rogue-ap mitigation selected controller(config)# exit controller# show rogue-ap globals
Global Settings
Detection : on
Mitigation : selected
Rogue AP Aging (seconds) : 60
Number of Candidate APs : 3
Number of Mitigating APs : 5
Scanning time in ms : 100
Operational time in ms : 400
Max mitigation frames sent per channel : 10
Scanning Channels :
1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,36,40,44,48,52,56,60,64,149,153,157,161,165 RSSI Threshold for Mitigation : ‐100
Modify Rogue Detection and Mitigation Settings with the CLI
The default settings that are configured for the rogue AP detection and mitigation features are adequate for most situations. However, many default settings can be changed if your network requires lighter or heavier scanning and/or mitigation services. The following is the list of rogue-ap commands:
controller(config)# rogue‐ap ?
acl Add a new rogue AP ACL entry. aging Sets the aging of alarms for rogue APs. assigned‐aps Number of APs assigned for mitigation. blocked Add a new rogue AP blocked entry. detection Turn on rogue AP detection.
min‐rssi Sets RSSI Threshold for Mitigation. mitigation Set the rogue AP mitigation parameters.
mitigation‐frames Sets the maximum number of mitigation frames sent out per channel.
operational‐time Sets the APs time on the home channel during scanning. scanning‐channels Sets the global Rogue AP scanning channels. scanning‐time Sets the APs per channel scanning time
As a general rule, unless the AP is in dedicated scanning mode, the more time that is spent scanning and mitigating, the less time is spent by the AP in normal WLAN operating services. Some rules determine how service is provided:
- The controller picks the APs that will scan and mitigate; those that mitigate are dependant on their proximity to the rogue AP and the number of mitigating APs that have been set. To preserve operational performance, APs will mitigate only the home channel if they have clients that are associated.
- Settings are administered globally; there is no way to set a particular AP to mitigate.
- Mitigation is performed only on clients associated to rogue APs; the rogue APs themselves are not mitigated. It is the network administrator’s responsibility to remove the rogue APs from the network.
- AP mitigation frames are prioritized below QoS frames, but above Best Effort frames.
- To reduce network traffic, you can configure the scanning channels list that contains only the home channels.
Changing the Number of Mitigating APs with the CLI
By default, three mitigating APs are selected by the controller to perform scanning and mitigation. This number can be set to a high of 20 APs or down to 1 AP, depending on the needs of your network, although we do not recommend assigning a high number of APs for mitigation because they can interfere with each other while mitigating the rogue. To change the number of mitigating APs to 5: controller(config)# rogue‐ap assigned‐aps 5
Changing the Scanning and Mitigation Settings with the CLI
When rogue AP scanning is enabled, for any given period, the AP spends part of the time scanning channels, and part of the time performing normal AP WLAN operations on the home channel. This cycle of scan/operate repeats so quickly that both tasks are performed without noticeable network operation degradation.
If scanning is enabled, the rogue-ap operational-time command sets the number of milliseconds that are spent in operational time, performing normal wireless services, on the home channel. This command is related to the rogue-ap scanning-time command. The channels that are scanned are determined by the rogue-ap scanning channels command. The complete set of default channels are 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,36,40,44,48,52,56,60,64,149,153,157,161,165.
The following command changes the operational time from the default 400 to 2500 milliseconds: controller(config)# rogue-ap operational-time 2500
The following command changes the scanning time from the default 100 to 200 milliseconds: controller(config)# rogue-ap scanning-time 200
The following command sets the scanning channels to 1, 6, 11, 36, 44, 52, 60:
controller(config)# rogue-ap scanning-channels 1,6,11,36,44,52,60 controller(config)# exit
To verify the changes, use the show rogue-ap globals command:
controller# show rogue-ap globals
Global Settings
Detection : on
Mitigation : selected
Rogue AP Aging (seconds) : 60
Number of Candidate APs : 5
Number of Mitigating APs : 5
Scanning time in ms : 200
Operational time in ms : 2500
Max mitigation frames sent per channel : 10 Scanning Channels : 1,6,11,36,44,52,60
RSSI Threshold for Mitigation : ‐100
Changing the Minimum RSSI with the CLI
RSSI is the threshold for which APs attempt to mitigate rogues; if the signal is very week (distant AP), APs won’t try to mitigate it.
The command to change the minimum RSSI (Received Signal Strength Indication) level, over which a station will be mitigated is rogue-ap min-rssi. A level range of 0 of -100 is supported, with -100 being the default setting.
The following command sets the minimum RSSI level to -80:
controller(config)# rogue-ap min-rssi -80 controller(config)#
Configure Rogue AP Mitigation with the Web UI
To prevent clients of unauthorized APs from accessing your network, enable the options for both scanning for the presence of rogue APs and mitigating the client traffic originating from them. These features are set globally, with the controller managing the lists of allowable and blocked WLAN BSSIDs and coordinating the set of APs (the Mitigating APs) that perform mitigation when a rogue AP is detected.
When rogue AP scanning (detection) is enabled, for any given period, the AP spends part of the time scanning channels (determined by the Scanning time in ms setting), and part of the time performing normal AP WLAN operations on the home channel (determined by the Operational time in ms setting). This cycle of scan/operate repeats so quickly that both tasks are performed without noticeable network operation degradation.
The channels that are scanned by a particular AP are determined by the model of AP. As a result of the channel scan, a list of rogue APs is compiled and sent by the controller to a number of Mitigating APs that are closest to the rogue AP. Mitigating APs send mitigation (deauth) frames to the rogue AP where clients are associated to remove those clients from the network. This presence of the rogue AP generates alarms that are noted on the Web UI monitoring dashboard and via syslog alarm messages so the administrator is aware of the situation and can then remove the offending AP or update the configuration list.
As well, if a rogue device seen on the wired interface of the AP and if the device is in the AP’s discovered list of stations a wired rogue notification will be sent via the Web UI monitoring dashboard and syslog alarm message. If the rogue client is associated with the AP, that client is also classified as a rogue.
Alter the List of Allowed APs with the Web UI
To change the list of allowed APs, follow these steps:
- From the Web UI, click Configure > Security > Rogue AP > Global settings. The Allowed APs screen appears. See Figure .
Figure 63: Web UI List of Allowed APs
- To add a BSSID to the list, click Add.
- In the BSSID boxes, type the BSSID, in hexadecimal format, of the permitted access point. • To add the BSSID to the ACL, click OK.
- To delete a BSSID from the list, select the BSSID, click Delete, then OK.
Alter the List of Blocked APs with the Web UI
To change the list of allowed APs, follow these steps:
- From the Web UI click Configure > Security > Rogue AP > Blocked APs. The table shows information about access points listed as blocked BSSIDs in the access control list (ACL).
- To see an updated list of the APs blocked in the WLAN, click Refresh.
- To add an AP to the blocked list, click Add.
- In the BSSID box, type the BSSID, in hexadecimal format, of the access point. Add the BSSID to the ACL, by clicking OK.
- The blocked BSSID now appears on the list with the following information:
- BSSID The access point’s BSSID.
- Creation Time The timestamp of when the blocked AP entry was created.
- Last Reported Time The time the AP was last discovered. If this field is blank, the AP has not been discovered yet.
- To remove a blocked BSSID from the ACL, select the checkbox of the blocked AP entry you want to delete, click Delete, and then click OK.
Configure Scanning and Mitigation Settings with the Web UI
To configure rogue AP scanning and mitigation settings, follow these steps:
- From the Web UI click Configuration > Wireless IDS/IPS > Rogue APs.
The Rogue AP screen appears with the Global Settings tab selected. See Figure 62.
Figure 64: Web UI Rogue AP Global Settings
- In the Detection list, select one of the following:
- On: Enables scanning for rogue APs.
- Off: Disables rogue detection.
- In the Mitigation list, select one of the following:
- No mitigation: No rogue AP mitigation is performed.
- Block all BSSIDs that are not in the ACL: Enables rogue AP mitigation of all detected BSSIDs that are not specified as authorized in the Allowed APs list.
- Block only BSSIDs in blocked list: Enables rogue AP mitigation only for the BSSIDs that are listed in the Blocked APs list.
- Block Clients seen on the wire: Enables rogue mitigation for any rogue station detected on the wired side of the AP (the corporate network, in many cases). When Block clients seen on the wire is selected, clients seen on the corporate network are mitigated. When Block clients seen on the wire is selected and the BSSID of the wired rogue client is entered in the blocked list (see “Alter the List of Blocked APs with the Web UI” on page 310) only listed clients are mitigated.
- In the Rogue AP Aging box, type the amount of time that passes before the rogue AP alarm is cleared if the controller no longer detects the rogue. The value can be from 60 through 86,400 seconds.
- In the Number of Mitigating APs text box, enter the number of APs (from 1 to 20) that will perform scanning and mitigation of rogue APs.
- In the Scanning time in ms text box, enter the amount of time Mitigating APs will scan the scanning channels for rogue APs. This can be from 100 to 500 milliseconds.
- In the Operational time in ms text box, enter the amount of time Mitigating APs will spend in operational mode on the home channel. This can be from 100 to 5000 milliseconds.
- In the Max mitigation frames sent per channel text box, enter the maximum number of mitigation frames that will be sent to the detected rogue AP. This can be from 1 to 50 deauth frames.
- In the Scanning Channels text box, enter the list of channels that will be scanned for rogue APs. Use a comma separated list from 0 to 256 characters. The complete set of default channels are
1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,36,40,44,48,52,56,60,64,149,153,157,161,165.
10.In the RSSI Threshold for Mitigation text box, enter the minimum threshold level over which stations are mitigated. The range of valid values is from to -100 to 0.
11.Click OK.
If a station that is already present in the discovered station database (learned wirelessly by the AP) is also discovered via DHCP broadcast on the APs wired interface, it implies that the station is connected to the same physical wired network as the AP. Such a station could potentially be a rogue device and is flagged by the controller as a wired rogue, indicating the rogue was identified as being present on the same wired network as the AP. If mitigation is enabled for wired rogue, mitigation action is performed accordingly on the rogue device.
