FortiExplorer for iOS

FortiExplorer for iOS is a user-friendly application that helps you to quickly and easily configure, manage, and monitor

FortiGate appliances using an iOS device. FortiExplorer lets you rapidly provision, deploy, and monitor Security Fabric components including FortiGate, FortiWiFi, and FortiAP devices.

FortiExplorer for iOS requires iOS 9.3 or later and is compatible with iPhone, iPad, and iPod Touch. It is supported by FortiOS 5.6+ and is only available on the App Store for iOS devices.

Advanced features are available with the purchase of FortiExplorer Pro. Paid features include the ability to add more than two devices and the ability to download firmware images from FortiCare.

Up to six members can use this app with ‘Family Sharing’ enabled in the App Store.

Getting started with FortiExplorer

If your FortiGate is accessible on the wireless network, you can connect to it using FortiExplorer provided that your iOS device is on the same network (see Connecting FortiExplorer to a FortiGate via WiFi). Otherwise, you will need to physically connect your iOS device to the FortiGate using a USB cable.

Connecting FortiExplorer to a FortiGate via USB

For the purpose of this document, we assume that you are just getting started; you do not have access to the FortiGate over the wireless network, and the FortiGate is in its factory configuration.

1. Connect your iOS device to your FortiGate’s USB management port.If prompted on your iOS device, Trust this ‘computer’.
2. Open the FortiExplorer app and select your FortiGate from the list under USB Attached Device.
3. On the Login screen, select USB.
4. Enter the default Username (admin) and leave the Password field blank.
5. You can opt to Remember Password. Tap Done when you are ready.
6. FortiExplorer opens the FortiGate management interface to the Device Status page:
7. Go to Network > Interfaces and configure the WAN interface(s).In the example, the wan1 interface Address mode is set to DHCP by default. Set it to Manual and enter its Address, Netmask, and Default Gateway, and then Apply your changes.
8. (Optional) Configure Administrative Access to allow HTTP and HTTPS This will allow administrators to access the FortiGate GUI using a web browser.
9. Go to Network > Interfaces and configure the local network (internal) interface.Set the Address mode as before and configure Administrative Access if desired.
10. Configure a DHCP Server for the internal network subnet.
11. Return to the internal interface using the < button at the top of the screen.
12. Go to Network > Static Routes and configure the static route to the gateway.
13. Go to Policy & Objects > IPv4 Policy and edit the Internet access policy. As a best practice, provide a Name for the policy, enable the desired Security Profiles, and configure Logging Options. Select OK to finalize.

Running a Security Fabric Rating

The FortiGate is now configured in a very basic state. Once you’ve configured the other potential elements of your network, such as other Interfaces, Schedules, or Managed FortiAPs, it is recommended that you run a Security Fabric Rating to identify potential vulnerabilities and highlight best practices that could be used to improve your network’s overall security and performance.

Go to Security Fabric > Security Rating and follow the steps to determine a Security Score for the selected device (s). The results should identify issues ranging from Medium to Critical importance, and may provide recommended actions where possible.

Connecting FortiExplorer to a FortiGate via WiFi

If your FortiGate is accessible on the wireless network, you can connect to it using FortiExplorer provided that your iOS device is on the same network. Assuming this is the case:

1. Open the FortiExplorer app and select Add from the Devices
2. Enter the Host information and appropriate Username and Password If necessary, change the default Port number, and opt to Remember Password.
3. If the FortiGate device identity cannot be verified, click Connect at the prompt. FortiExplorer opens the FortiGate management interface to the Device Status

Upgrading to FortiExplorer Pro

Paid features provided with the purchase of FortiExplorer Pro include the ability to add more than two devices and the ability to download firmware images from FortiCare.

To upgrade to FortiExplorer Pro, open the FortiExplorer app, go to Settings and select Upgrade to FortiExplorer Pro. Follow the on-screen prompts.

Tips

Basic features and characteristics of the CLI environment provide support and ease of use for many CLI tasks.

Help

To display brief help during command entry, press the question mark (?) key.

• Press the question mark (?) key at the command prompt to display a list of the commands available and a description of each command.
• Type a word or part of a word, then press the question mark (?) key to display a list of valid word completions or subsequent words, and to display a description of each.

Shortcuts and key commands

Keys	Action
?	List valid word completions or subsequent words. If multiple words could complete your entry, display all possible completions with helpful descriptions of each.
Tab	Complete the word with the next available match. Press the Tab key multiple times to cycle through available matches.
Keys		Action
Up arrow, or Ctrl + P		Recall the previous command. Command memory is limited to the current session.
Down arrow, or Ctrl + N		Recall the next command.
Left or Right arrow		Move the cursor left or right within the command line.
Ctrl + A		Move the cursor to the beginning of the command line.
Ctrl + E		Move the cursor to the end of the command line.
Ctrl + B		Move the cursor backwards one word.
Ctrl + F		Move the cursor forwards one word.
Ctrl + D		Delete the current character.
Ctrl + C		Abort current interactive commands, such as when entering multiple lines. If you are not currently within an interactive command such as config or edit, this closes the CLI connection.
\ then Enter		Continue typing a command on the next line for a multiline command. For each line that you want to continue, terminate it with a backslash ( \ ). To complete the command line, terminate it by pressing the spacebar and then the Enter key, without an immediately preceding backslash.

Command abbreviation

You can abbreviate words in the command line to their smallest number of non-ambiguous characters.

For example, the command get system status could be abbreviated to g sy stat.

Adding and removing options from lists

When adding options to a list, such as a user group, using the set command will remove the previous configuration. For example, if you wish to add user D to a user group that already contains members A, B, and C, the command would need to be set member A B C D. If only set member D was used, then all former members would be removed from the group.

However, there are additional commands which can be used instead of set for changing options in a list.

Additional commands for lists

append		Add an option to an existing list. For example, append member would add user D to a user group while all previous group members are retained
select		Clear all options except for those specified. For example, if a group contains members A, B, C, and D and you remove all users except for B, use the command select member B.
unselect		Remove an option from an existing list.

For example, unselect member A would remove member A from a group will all previous group members are retained.

Environment variables

The CLI supports the following environment variables. Variable names are case-sensitive.

Environment variables

$USERFROM	The management access type (ssh, telnet, jsconsole for the CLI Console widget in the GUI, and so on) and the IP address of the administrator that configured the item.
$USERNAME	The account name of the administrator that configured the item.
$SerialNum	The serial number of the FortiGate unit.

For example, the FortiGate unit’s host name can be set to its serial number:

config system global set hostname $SerialNum

end

Special characters

The following special characters, also known as reserved characters, are not permitted in most CLI fields: <, >, (, ), #, ‘, and “. You may be able to enter special characters as part of a string’s value by using a special command, enclosing it in quotes, or preceding it with an escape sequence — in this case, a backslash ( \ ) character.

In other cases, different keystrokes are required to input a special character. If you need to enter ? as part of config, you first need to input CTRL-V. If you enter ? without first using CTRL-V, the question mark has a different meaning in the CLI; it will show available command options in that section.

For example, if you enter ? without CTRL-V:

edit “*.xe token line: Unmatched double quote.

If you enter ? with CTRL-V:

edit “*.xe?” new entry ‘*.xe?’ added

Entering special characters

Character	Keys
?	Ctrl + V then ?
Tab	Ctrl + V then Tab
Space (to be interpreted as part of a string value, not to end the string)	Enclose the string in quotation marks: “Security Administrator”. Enclose the string in single quotes: ‘Security Administrator’.
Character		Keys
		Precede the space with a backslash: Security\ Administrator.
‘ (to be interpreted as part of a string value, not to end the string)		\’
“ (to be interpreted as part of a string value, not to end the string)		\”
\		\\

Using grep to filter get and show command output

In many cases, the get and show (and diagnose) commands may produce a large amount of output. If you are looking for specific information in a large get or show command output, you can use the grep command to filter the output to only display what you are looking for. The grep command is based on the standard UNIX grep, used for searching text output based on regular expressions.

Use the following command to display the MAC address of the FortiGate unit internal interface:

get hardware nic internal | grep Current_HWaddr Current_HWaddr      00:09:0f:cb:c2:75

Use the following command to display all TCP sessions in the session list and include the session list line number in the output:

get system session list | grep -n tcp

Use the following command to display all lines in HTTP replacement message commands that contain URL (upper or lower case):

show system replacemsg http | grep -i url

There are three additional options that can be applied to grep:

• <num> After
• <num> Before
• <num> Context

The option -f is also available to support contextual output, in order to show the complete configuration. The following example shows the difference in output when -f option is used versus when it is not.

Using -f:

show | grep -f ldap-group1 config user group edit “ldap-group1” set member “pc40-LDAP”

next

end

config firewall policy edit 2 set srcintf “port31” set dstintf “port32”

set srcaddr “all” set action accept set identity-based enable set nat enable

config identity-based-policy edit 1 set schedule “always” set groups “ldap-group1”

set dstaddr “all”

set service “ALL”

next

end

next

end

Without using -f:

show | grep ldap-group1 edit “ldap-group1” set groups “ldap-group1”

Language support and regular expressions

Characters such as ñ, é, symbols, and ideographs are sometimes acceptable input. Support varies by the nature of the item being configured. CLI commands, objects, field names, and options must use their exact ASCII characters, but some items with arbitrary names or values may be input using your language of choice. To use other languages in those cases, you must use the correct encoding.

Input is stored using Unicode UTF-8 encoding but is not normalized from other encodings into UTF-8 before it is stored. If your input method encodes some characters differently than in UTF-8, your configured items may not display or operate as expected.

Regular expressions are especially impacted. Matching uses the UTF-8 character values. If you enter a regular expression using another encoding, or if an HTTP client sends a request in an encoding other than UTF-8, matches may not be what you expect.

For example, with Shift-JIS, backslashes ( \ ) could be inadvertently interpreted as the symbol for the Japanese yen ( ¥ ) and vice versa. A regular expression intended to match HTTP requests containing money values with a yen symbol therefore may not work it if the symbol is entered using the wrong encoding.

For best results, you should:

• use UTF-8 encoding, or
• use only the characters whose numerically encoded values are the same in UTF-8, such as the US-ASCII characters that are also encoded using the same values in ISO 8859-1, Windows code page 1252, Shift-JIS and other encodings, or l for regular expressions that must match HTTP requests, use the same encoding as your HTTP clients.

HTTP clients may send requests in encodings other than UTF-8. Encodings usually vary by the client’s operating system or input language. If you cannot predict the client’s encoding, you may only be able to match any parts of the request that are in English, because regardless of the encoding, the values for English characters tend to be encoded identically. For example, English words may be legible regardless of interpreting a web page as either ISO 8859-1 or as GB2312, whereas simplified Chinese characters might only be legible if the page is interpreted as GB2312.

If you configure your FortiGate unit using other encodings, you may need to switch language settings on your management computer, including for your web browser or Telnet/SSH client. For instructions on how to configure your management computer’s operating system language, locale, or input method, see its documentation.

If you choose to configure parts of the FortiGate unit using non-ASCII characters, verify that all systems interacting with the FortiGate unit also support the same encodings. You should also use the same encoding throughout the configuration if possible in order to avoid needing to switch the language settings of the GUI and your web browser or Telnet/SSH client while you work.

Similarly to input, your web browser or CLI client should normally interpret display output as encoded using UTF-8. If it does not, your configured items may not display correctly in the GUI or CLI. Exceptions include items such as regular expressions that you may have configured using other encodings in order to match the encoding of HTTP requests that the FortiGate unit receives.

To enter non-ASCII characters in the CLI console:

1. On your management computer, start your web browser and go to the URL for the FortiGate unit’s GUI.
2. Configure your web browser to interpret the page as UTF-8 encoded.
3. Log in to the FortiGate unit.
4. Open the CLI Console from the upper right-hand corner.
5. In the title bar of the CLI Console widget, click Edit (the pencil icon).
6. Enable Use external command input box and select OK.
7. The Command field appears below the usual input and display area of the CLI Console .
8. Type a command in this field and press Enter.

In the display area, the CLI Console widget displays your previous command interpreted into its character code equivalent, such as:

edit \743\601\613\743\601\652

and the command’s output.

To enter non-ASCII characters in a Telnet/SSH client

1. On your management computer, start your Telnet or SSH client.
2. Configure your Telnet or SSH client to send and receive characters using UTF-8 encoding.

Support for sending and receiving international characters varies by each Telnet/SSH client. Consult the documentation for your Telnet/SSH client.

3. Log in to the FortiGate unit.
4. At the command prompt, type your command and press Enter.

You may need to surround words that use encoded characters with single quotes ( ‘ ).

Depending on your Telnet/SSH client’s support for your language’s input methods and for sending international characters, you may need to interpret them into character codes before pressing Enter. For example, you might need to enter: edit ‘\743\601\613\743\601\652’

5. The CLI displays your previous command and its output.

Screen paging

You can configure the CLI to pause after displaying each page’s worth of text when displaying multiple pages of output.

When the display pauses, the last line displays –More–. You can then either:

l press the spacebar to display the next page. l type Q to truncate the output and return to the command prompt.

This may be useful when displaying lengthy output, such as the list of possible matching commands for command completion, or a long list of settings. Rather than scrolling through or possibly exceeding the buffer of your terminal emulator, you can simply display one page at a time.

To configure the CLI Console to pause display when the screen is full:

config system console set output more

end

Baud rate

You can change the default baud rate of the local console connection.

To change the baud rate enter the following commands:

config system console set baudrate {9600 | 19200 | 38400 | 57600 | 115200} end

Editing the configuration file on an external host

You can edit the FortiGate configuration on an external host by first backing up the configuration file to a TFTP server. Then edit the configuration file and restore it to the FortiGate unit.

Editing the configuration on an external host can be timesaving if you have many changes to make, especially if your plain text editor provides advanced features such as batch changes.

To edit the configuration on your computer:

1. Use execute backup to download the configuration file to a TFTP server, such as your management computer.
2. Edit the configuration file using a plain text editor that supports Unix-style line endings.

Do not edit the first line. The first line(s) of the configuration file (preceded by a # character) contains information about the firmware version and FortiGate model. If you change the model number, the FortiGate unit will reject the configuration file when you attempt to restore it.

3. Use execute restore to upload the modified configuration file back to your FortiGate.

The FortiGate downloads the configuration file and checks that the model information is correct. If it is correct, the

FortiGate unit loads the configuration file and checks each command for errors. If a command is invalid, the FortiGate unit ignores the command. If the configuration file is valid, the FortiGate unit restarts and loads the new configuration.

Permissions

Access profiles control which CLI commands an administrator account can access. Access profiles assign either read, write, or no access to each area of FortiOS. To view configurations, you must have read access. To make changes, you must have write access. So, depending on the account used to log in to the FortiGate, you may not have complete access to all CLI commands. For complete access to all commands, you must log in with an administrator account that has the super_admin access profile. By default the admin administrator account has the super_admin access profile.

Administrator accounts, with the super_admin access profile are similar to a root administrator account that always has full permission to view and change all FortiGate configuration options, including viewing and changing all other administrator accounts and including changing other administrator account passwords.

Increasing the security of administrator accounts

Set strong passwords for all administrator accounts (including the admin account) and change passwords regularly.

Command syntax

When entering a command, the CLI console requires that you use valid syntax and conform to expected input constraints. It will reject invalid commands.

Fortinet documentation uses the conventions below to describe valid command syntax.

Terminology

Each command line consists of a command word that is usually followed by configuration data or other specific item that the command uses or affects.

To describe the function of each word in the command line, especially if that nature has changed between firmware versions, Fortinet uses terms with the following definitions:

• Command — A word that begins the command line and indicates an action that the FortiGate should perform on a part of the configuration or host on the network, such as config or execute. Together with other words, such as fields or values, that end when you press the Enter key, it forms a command line. Exceptions include multiline command lines, which can be entered using an escape sequence. Valid command lines must be unambiguous if abbreviated. Optional words or other command line permutations are indicated by syntax notation.
• Sub-command — A config sub-command that is available only when nested within the scope of another command. After entering a command, its applicable sub-commands are available to you until you exit the scope of the command, or until you descend an additional level into another sub-command. Indentation is used to indicate levels of nested commands.Not all top-level commands have sub-commands. Available sub-commands vary by their containing scope.
• Object — A part of the configuration that contains tables and /or fields. Valid command lines must be specific enough to indicate an individual object.
• Table — A set of fields that is one of possibly multiple similar sets which each have a name or number, such as an administrator account, policy, or network interface. These named or numbered sets are sometimes referenced by other parts of the configuration that use them.
• Field — The name of a setting, such as ip or hostname. Fields in some tables must be configured with values. Failure to configure a required field will result in an invalid object configuration error message, and the FortiGate will discard the invalid table.
• Value — A number, letter, IP address, or other type of input that is usually your configuration setting held by a field. Some commands, however, require multiple input values which may not be named but are simply entered in sequential order in the same command line. Valid input types are indicated by constraint notation. l Option — A kind of value that must be one or more words from of a fixed set of options.

Indentation

Indentation indicates levels of nested commands, which indicate what other sub-commands are available from within the scope. The “next” and “end” lines are used to maintain a hierarchy and flow to CLI commands, especially helping to distinguish those commands with extensive sub-commands.

The “next” line is entered at the same indentation-level as the previous “edit”, to mark where you would like to finish that table entry and move on to the next table entry; doing so will not mean that you have “left” that sub-command.

next

Below is an example command, with a sub-command of entries:

After entering settings for <2> and entering next, the <2> table entry has been saved, and you be set back one level of indentation so you can continue to create more entries (if you wish).

This hierarchy is best indicated in the CLI console, as the example below is what displays in the console after entering

end

Below is the same command and sub-command, except end has been entered instead of next after the subcommand:

Entering end will save the <2> table entry, but bring you out of the sub-command entirely; in this example, you would enter this when you don’t wish to continue creating new entries.

Again, your hierarchy is best indicated by the CLI console. Below is what displays in the console after entering end:

Notation

Brackets, braces, and pipes are used to denote valid permutations of the syntax. Constraint notations, such as <address_ipv4>, indicate which data types or string patterns are acceptable value input.

All syntax uses the following conventions:

Convention                                  Description
Square brackets [ ]         An optional word or series of words. For example: [verbose {1 | 2 | 3}] indicates that you may either omit or type both the word verbose and its accompanying option/s, such as verbose 3. See Optional values and ranges below for more information.
Curly braces { }           A word or series of words that is constrained to a set of options delimited by either vertical bars or spaces. You must enter at least one of the options, unless the set of options is surrounded by square brackets [ ].
Mutually exclusive options –    Both mutually and non-mutually exclusive commands will use curly braces, as delimited by vertical bars |   they provide multiple options, however mutually exclusive commands will divide each option with a pipe. This indicates that you are permitted to enter one option or the other: {enable | disable}
Convention	Description
Non-mutually exclusive options – delimited by spaces	Non-mutually exclusive commands do not use pipes to divide their options. In those circumstances, multiple options can be entered at once, as long as they are entered with a space separating each option: {http https ping snmp ssh telnet}
Angle brackets < >	A word constrained by data type. The angled brackets contain a descriptive name followed by an underscore ( _ ) and suffix that indicates the valid data type. For example, <retries_int>, indicates that you should enter a number of retries as an integer. Data types include: l <xxx_name>: A name referring to another part of the configuration, such as policy_A. l  <xxx_index>: An index number referring to another part of the configuration, such as 0 for the first static route. l  <xxx_pattern>: A regular expression or word with wild cards that matches possible variations, such as *@example.com to match all email addresses ending in @example.com. l  <xxx_fqdn>: A fully qualified domain name (FQDN), such as mail.example.com. l  <xxx_email>: An email address, such as admin@example.com. l <xxx_ipv4>: An IPv4 address, such as 192.168.1.99. l <xxx_v4mask>: A dotted decimal IPv4 netmask, such as 255.255.255.0. l  <xxx_ipv4mask>: A dotted decimal IPv4 address and netmask separated by a space, such as 192.168.1.99 255.255.255.0. l  <xxx_ipv4/mask>: A dotted decimal IPv4 address and CIDR-notation netmask separated by a slash, such as 192.168.1.1/24 l  <xxx_ipv4range>  : A hyphen ( – )-delimited inclusive range of IPv4 addresses, such as 192.168.1.1-192.168.1.255. l  <xxx_ipv6>: A colon( : )-delimited hexadecimal IPv6 address, such as 3f2e:6a8b:78a3:0d82:1725:6a2f:0370:6234. l  <xxx_v6mask>: An IPv6 netmask, such as /96. l  <xxx_ipv6mask>: A dotted decimal IPv6 address and netmask separated by a space. l  <xxx_str>: A string of characters that is not another data type, such as P@ssw0rd. Strings containing spaces or special characters must be surrounded in quotes or use escape sequences. l  <xxx_int>: An integer number that represents a metric, minutes_int for the number of minutes.

Optional values and ranges

Any field that is optional will use square-brackets, such as set comment. This is because it doesn’t matter whether it’s set or not. The overall config command will still successfully be taken.

Another example of where square-brackets would be used is to show that multiple options can be set, even intermixed with ranges. The example below shows a field that can be set to either a specific value or range, or multiple instances:

config firewall service custom

set iprange <range1> [<range2> <range3> …]

end

Sub-commands

Each command line consists of a command word that is usually followed by configuration data or other specific item that the command uses or affects:

get system admin

Sub-commands are available from within the scope of some commands. When you enter a sub-command level, the command prompt changes to indicate the name of the current command scope. For example, after entering:

config system admin

the command prompt becomes:

(admin)#

Applicable sub-commands are available to you until you exit the scope of the command, or until you descend an additional level into another sub-command.

For example, the edit sub-command is available only within a command that affects tables; the next sub-command is available only from within the edit sub-command:

config system interface edit port1 set status up

next

end

Sub-command scope is indicated by indentation.

Available sub-commands vary by command. From a command prompt within config, two types of sub-commands might become available:

l commands affecting fields l commands affecting tables

Commands for tables

clone <table>	Clone (or make a copy of) a table from the current object. For example, in config firewall policy, you could enter the following command to clone security policy 27 to create security policy 30: clone 27 to 30 In config antivirus profile, you could enter the following command to clone an antivirus profile named av_pro_1 to create a new antivirus profile named av_pro_2: clone av_pro_1 to av_pro_2 clone may not be available for all tables.
delete <table>	Remove a table from the current object.
		For example, in config system admin, you could delete an administrator account named newadmin by typing delete newadmin and pressing Enter. This deletes newadmin and all its fields, such as newadmin’s first-name and email-address. delete is only available within objects containing tables.
edit <table>		Create or edit a table in the current object. For example, in config system admin: l  edit the settings for the default admin administrator account by typing edit admin. l  add a new administrator account with the name newadmin and edit newadmin‘s settings by typing edit newadmin. edit is an interactive sub-command: further sub-commands are available from within edit. edit changes the prompt to reflect the table you are currently editing. edit is only available within objects containing tables. In objects such as security policies, <table> is a sequence number. To create a new entry without the risk of overwriting an existing one, enter edit 0. The CLI initially confirms the creation of entry 0, but assigns the next unused number after you finish editing and enter end.
end		Save the changes to the current object and exit the config command. This returns you to the top-level command prompt.
get		List the configuration of the current object or table.•   In objects, get lists the table names (if present), or fields and their values.•   In a table, get lists the fields and their values.For more information on get commands, see the CLI Reference.
purge		Remove all tables in the current object. For example, in config user local, you could type get to see the list of user names, then type purge and then y to confirm that you want to delete all users.purge is only available for objects containing tables. Caution: Back up the FortiGate before performing a purge. purge cannot be undone. To restore purged tables, the configuration must be restored from a backup. Caution: Do not purge system interface or system admin tables. purge does not provide default tables. This can result in being unable to connect or log in, requiring the FortiGate to be formatted and restored.
rename <table> to <table>		Rename a table. For example, in config system admin, you could rename admin3 to fwadmin by typing rename admin3 to fwadmin.rename is only available within objects containing tables.
show		Display changes to the default configuration. Changes are listed in the form of configuration commands.

Example of table commands

From within the system admin object, you might enter:

edit admin_1

The CLI acknowledges the new table, and changes the command prompt to show that you are now within the admin_1 table:

new entry ‘admin_1’ added

(admin_1)#

Commands for fields

abort		Exit both the edit and/or config commands without saving the fields.
append		Add an option to an existing list.
end		Save the changes made to the current table or object fields, and exit the config command (to exit without saving, use abort instead).
get		List the configuration of the current object or table. l In objects, get lists the table names (if present), or fields and their values. l In a table, get lists the fields and their values.
move		Move an object within a list, when list order is important. For example, rearranging security policies within the policy list.
next		Save the changes you have made in the current table’s fields, and exit the edit command to the object prompt (to save and exit completely to the root prompt, use end instead). next is useful when you want to create or edit several tables in the same object, without leaving and re-entering the config command each time. next is only available from a table prompt; it is not available from an object prompt.
select		Clear all options except for those specified. For example, if a group contains members A, B, C, and D and you remove all users except for B, use the command select member B.
set <field> <value>		Set a field’s value. For example, in config system admin, after typing edit admin, you could type set password newpass to change the password of the admin administrator to newpass. Note: When using set to change a field containing a space-delimited list, type the whole new list. For example, set <field> <new-value> will replace the list with the <new-value> rather than appending <new-value> to the list.
show		Display changes to the default configuration. Changes are listed in the form of configuration commands.
unselect		Remove an option from an existing list.
unset <field>		Reset the table or object’s fields to default values. For example, in config system admin, after typing edit admin, typing unset password resets the password of the admin administrator account to the default (in this case, no password).

Example of field commands

To assign the value my1stExamplePassword to the password field, enter the following command from within the admin_1 table:

set password my1stExamplePassword

Next, to save the changes and edit the next administrator’s table, enter the next command.

CLI-only features

As you can see in the Feature / Platform Matrix, the entry level models have a number of features that are only available using the CLI, rather than appearing in the GUI.

You can open the CLI console so that it automatically opens to the object you wish to configure. For example, to edit a firewall policy, right-click on the policy in the policy list (Policy & Objects > IPv4 Policy) and select Edit in CLI. The CLI console will appear, with the commands to access this part of the configuration added automatically.

Once you have access to the CLI, you can enter instructions for specific tasks that can be found throughout the FortiOS Handbook. Options are also available at the top of the CLI Console to Clear console, Download, and Copy to clipboard.

Refer to the CLI Reference for a list of the available commands.