FortiGate VM Initial Configuration

Before you can connect to the FortiGate VM web-based manager you must configure a network interface in the FortiGate VM console. Once an interface with administrative access is configured, you can connect to the FortiGate VM web-based Manager and upload the FortiGate VM license file that you downloaded from the Customer Service & Support website.

The following topics are included in this section: Set FortiGate VM port1 IP address

• Connect to the FortiGate VM Web-based Manager
• Upload the FortiGate VM license file
• Validate the FortiGate VM license with FortiManager
• Configure your FortiGate VM

 

Set FortiGate VM port1 IP address

Hypervisor management environments include a guest console window. On the FortiGate VM, this provides access to the FortiGate console, equivalent to the console port on a hardware FortiGate unit. Before you can access the Web-based manager, you must configure FortiGate VM port1 with an IP address and administrative access.

 

To configure the port1 IP address:

1. In your hypervisor manager, start the FortiGate VM and access the console window.

You might need to press Return to see a login prompt.

 

Example of FortiGate VM console access:

2. At the FortiGate VM login prompt enter the username admin. By default there is no password. Just press Return.

3. Using CLI commands, configure the port1 IP address and netmask. Also, HTTP access must be enabled because until it is licensed the FortiGate VM supports only low-strength encryption. HTTPS access will not work.

For example:

config system interface edit port1

set ip 192.168.0.100 255.255.255.0 append allowaccess http

end

You can also use the append allowaccess CLI command to enable other access protocols, such as auto-ipsec, http, probe-response, radius-acct, snmp, and telnet. The ping, https, ssh, and fgfm protocols are enabled on the port1 interface by default.

4. To configure the default gateway, enter the following CLI commands:

config router static edit 1

set device port1

end

set gateway <class_ip>

 

You must configure the default gateway with an IPv4 address. FortiGate VM needs to access the Internet to contact the FortiGuard Distribution Network (FDN) to validate its license.

5. To configure your DNS servers, enter the following CLI commands:

config system dns

set primary <Primary DNS server>

set secondary <Secondary DNS server>

end

The default DNS servers are 208.91.112.53 and 208.91.112.52.

6. To upload the FortiGate VM license from an FTP or TFTP server, use the following CLI command:

execute restore vmlicense {ftp | tftp} <VM license file name> <Server IP or FQDN> [:server port]

 

You can also upload the license in the FortiGate VM Web-based Manager. See Set FortiGate VM port1 IP address on page 2728.

 

Web–based Manager and Evaluation License dialog box

 

Connect to the FortiGate VM Web-based Manager

When you have configured the port1 IP address and netmask, launch a web browser and enter the IP address that you configured for port1. At the login page, enter the username admin and password field and select Login. The default password is no password. The Web-based Manager will appear with an Evaluation License dialog box.

 

Upload the FortiGate VM license file

Every Fortinet VM includes a 15-day trial license. During this time the FortiGate VM operates in evaluation mode. Before using the FortiGate VM you must enter the license file that you downloaded from the Customer Service & Support website upon registration.

 

To upload the FortiGate VM licence file:

1. In the Evaluation License dialog box, select Enter License.

You can also upload the license file via the CLI using the following CLI command:

execute restore vmlicense [ftp | tftp] <filenmame string>

<ftp server>[:ftp port]

The license upload page opens.

 

License upload page:

2. Select Browse and locate the license file (.lic) on your computer. Select OK to upload the license file.

3. Refresh the browser to login.

4. Enter admin in the Name field and select Login. The VM registration status appears as valid in the License Information widget once the license has been validated by the FortiGuard Distribution Network (FDN) or FortiManager for closed networks.

 

Validate the FortiGate VM license with FortiManager

You can validate your FortiGate VM license with some models of FortiManager. To determine whether your FortiManager unit has the VM Activation feature, see Features section of the FortiManager Product Data sheet.

 

To validate your FortiGate VM with your FortiManager:

1. To configure your FortiManager as a closed network, enter the following CLI command on your FortiManager:

config fmupdate publicnetwork set status disable

end

2. To configure FortiGate VM to use FortiManager as its override server, enter the following CLI commands on your

FortiGate VM:

config system central-management set mode normal

set type fortimanager

set fmg <IPv4 address of the FortiManager device>

set fmg-source-ip <Source IPv4 address when connecting to the FortiManager device>

set include-default-servers disable

set vdom <Enter the name of the VDOM to use when communicating with the FortiManager device>

end

3. Load the FortiGate VM license file in the Web-based Manager. Go to System > Dashboard > Status. In the License Information widget, in the Registration Status field, select Update. Browse for the .lic license file and select OK.

4. To activate the FortiGate VM license, enter the following CLI command on your FortiGate VM:

execute update-now

5. To check the FortiGate VM license status, enter the following CLI commands on your FortiGate VM:

get system status

 

The following output is displayed:

Version: Fortigate-VM v5.0,build0099,120910 (Interim) Virus-DB: 15.00361(2011-08-24 17:17)

Extended DB: 15.00000(2011-08-24 17:09) Extreme DB: 14.00000(2011-08-24 17:10) IPS-DB: 3.00224(2011-10-28 16:39)

FortiClient application signature package: 1.456(2012-01-17 18:27) Serial-Number: FGVM02Q105060000

 

License Status: Valid

BIOS version: 04000002

Log hard disk: Available Hostname: Fortigate-VM Operation Mode: NAT

Current virtual domain: root

Max number of virtual domains: 10

Virtual domains status: 1 in NAT mode, 0 in TP mode

Virtual domain configuration: disable

FIPS-CC mode: disable Current HA mode: standalone Distribution: International Branch point: 511

Release Version Information: MR3 Patch 4

System time: Wed Jan 18 11:24:34 2012

diagnose hardware sysinfo vm full

The following output is displayed: UUID: 564db33a29519f6b1025bf8539a41e92 valid: 1

status: 1

code: 200 (If the license is a duplicate, code 401 will be displayed)

warn: 0 copy: 0 received: 45438 warning: 0

recv: 201201201918 dup:

 

Configure your FortiGate VM

nce the FortiGate VM license has been validated you can begin to configure your device. You can use the Wizard located in the top toolbar for basic configuration including enabling central management, setting the admin password, setting the time zone, and port configuration.

For more information on configuring your FortiGate VM see the FortiOS Handbook at http://docs.fortinet.com.

Deployment example – Citrix XenServer

Once you have downloaded the FORTINET.out.CitrixXen.zip file and extracted the files, you can create the virtual machine in your Citrix Xen environment.

The following topics are included in this section:

• Create the FortiGate VM virtual machine (XenCenter)
• Configure virtual hardware

 

Create the FortiGate VM virtual machine (XenCenter)

 

To create the FortiGate VM virtual machine from the OVF file

1. Launch XenCenter on your management computer.

The management computer can be any computer that can run Citrix XenCenter, a Windows application.

2. If you have not already done so, select ADD a server. Enter your Citrix XenServer IP address and the root logon credentials required to manage that server.

Your Citrix XenServer is added to the list in the left pane. The Virtual Machine Manager home page opens.

3. Go to File > Import. An import dialog will appear.

4. Click the Browse button, find the FortiGate-VM64-Xen.ovf template file, then click Open.

5. Select Next.

6. Accept the FortiGate Virtual Appliance EULA, then select Next.

7. Choose the pool or standalone server that will host the VM, then select Next.

8. Select the storage location for FortiGate VM disk drives or accept the default. Select Next.

9. Configure how each vNIC (virtual network adapter) in FortiGate VM will be mapped to each vNetwork on the Citrix XenServer, then click Next.

10. Click Next to skip OS fixup.

11. Select Next to use the default network settings for transferring the VM to the host.

12. Select Finish.

 

The Citrix XenServer imports the FortiGate VM files and configures the VM as specified in the OVF template. Depending on your computer’s hardware speed and resource load, and also on the file size and speed of the network connection, this might take several minutes to complete.

When VM import is complete, the XenCenter left pane includes the FortiGate VM in the list of deployed VMs for your Citrix XenServer.

 

Configure virtual hardware

Before you start your FortiGate-VM for the first time, you need to adjust your virtual machine’s virtual hardware settings to meet your network requirements.

 

Configuring number of CPUs and memory size

Your FortiGate-VM license limits the number CPUs and amount of memory that you can use. The amounts you allocate must not exceed your license limits.

 

To access virtual machine settings

1. Open XenCenter.

2. Select your FortiGate VM in the left pane.

The tabs in the right pane provide access to the virtual hardware configuration. The Console tab provides access to the FortiGate console.

1. To set the number of CPUs

2. In the XenCenter left pane, right-click the FortiGate VM and select Properties.

The Properties window opens.

3. In the left pane, select CPU.

4. Adjust Number of CPUs and then select OK.

XenCenter will warn if you select more CPUs than the Xen host computer contains. Such a configuration might reduce performance.

 

To set memory size

1. In the XenCenter left pane, select the FortiGate VM.

2. In the right pane, select the Memory tab.

3. Select Edit, modify the value in the Set a fixed memory of field and select OK.

 

Configuring disk storage

By default the FortiGate VM data disk 30GB. You will probably want to increase this. Disk resizing must be done before you start the VM for the first time.

 

To resize the FortiGate data disk

1. In the XenCenter left pane, select the FortiGate VM.

2. Select the Storage tab. Select Hard disk 2 (the 30GB drive), then select Properties.

The ‘Hard disk 2’ Properties window opens.

3. Select Size and Location. Adjust Size and select OK.

Deployment example – OpenXen

Once you have downloaded the FORTINET.out.OpenXen.zip file and extracted virtual hard drive image file fortios.qcow2, you can create the virtual machine in your OpenXen environment.

The following topics are included in this section: Create the FortiGate VM virtual machine (VMM)

 

Create the FortiGate VM virtual machine (VMM)

 

To create the FortiGate VM virtual machine:

1. Launch Virtual Machine Manager (virt-manager) on your OpenXen host server.

 

The Virtual Machine Manager home page opens.

2. In the toolbar, select Create a new virtual machine.

3. Enter a Name for the VM, FGT-VM for example.

4. Ensure that Connection is localhost. (This is the defaul)

5. Select Import existing disk image.

6. Select Forward.

7. In OS Type select Linux.

8. In Version, select Generic 2.4.x.kernel.

9. Select Browse.

 

The Locate or create storage volume window opens.

10. Select Browse Local, find the fortios.qcow2 disk image file.

11. Select fortios.qcow2 and select Choose Volume.

12. Select Forward.

13. Specify the amount of memory and number of CPUs to allocate to this virtual machine. The amounts must not exceed your license limits.

14. Select Forward.

15. Select Customize configuration before install. This enables you to make some hardware configuration changes before VM creation is started.

16. Expand Advanced options. A new virtual machine includes one network adapter by default. Select Specify shared device name and enter the name of the bridge interface on the OpenXen host. Optionally, set a specific MAC address for the virtual network interface. Virt Type and Architecture are set by default and should be correct.

17. Select Finish.

 

The virtual machine hardware configuration window opens.

You can use this window to add hardware such as network interfaces and disk drives.

18. Select Add Hardware. In the Add Hardware window select Storage.

19. Select Create a disk image on the computer’s harddrive and set the size to 30GB.

If you know your environment will expand in the future, it is recommended to increase the hard disk size beyond 30GB. The VM license limit is 2TB.

20. Enter:

Device type                                Virtio disk

Cache mode                               Default

Storage format                          raw

21. Select Network to configure add more the network interfaces. The Device type must be Virtio.

A new virtual machine includes one network adapter by default. You can add more through the Add Hardware window. FortiGate VM requires four network adapters. You can configure network adapters to connect to a virtual switch or to network adapters on the host computer.

22. Select Finish.

23. Select Begin Installation. After the installation completes successfully, the VM starts and the console window opens.

Deployment example – KVM

Once you have downloaded the FORTINET.out.kvm.zip file and extracted virtual hard drive image file fortios.qcow2, you can create the virtual machine in your KVM environment.

The following topics are included in this section: Create the FortiGate VM virtual machine

• Configure FortiGate VM hardware settings
• Start the FortiGate VM

 

Create the FortiGate VM virtual machine

To create the FortiGate VM virtual machine:

1. Launch Virtual Machine Manager (virt-manager) on your KVM host server.

The Virtual Machine Manager home page opens.

2. In the toolbar, select Create a new virtual machine.

3. Enter a Name for the VM, FGT-VM for example.

4. Ensure that Connection is localhost. (This is the defaul)

5. Select Import existing disk image.

6. Select Forward.

7. In OS Type select Linux.

8. In Version, select a Generic version with virtio.

9. Select Browse.

10. If you copied the fortios.qcow2 file to /var/lib/libvirt/images, it will be visible on the right. If you saved it somewhere else on your server, select Browse Local and find it.

11. Choose Choose Volume.

12. Select Forward.

13. Specify the amount of memory and number of CPUs to allocate to this virtual machine. The amounts must not exceed your license limits. See FortiGate VM Overview on page 2677.

14. Select Forward.

15. Expand Advanced options. A new virtual machine includes one network adapter by default. Select a network adapter on the host computer. Optionally, set a specific MAC address for the virtual network interface. Set Virt Type to virtio and Architecture to qcow2.

16. Select Finish.

Deployment example – MS Hyper-V

Once you have downloaded the FGT_VMxx_HV-v5-build0xxx-FORTINET.out.hyperv.zip file and extracted the package contents to a folder on your Microsoft server, you can deploy the VHD package to your Microsoft Hyper-V environment.

The following topics are included in this section: Create the FortiGate VM virtual machine

Configure FortiGate VM hardware settings High Availability Hyper-V configuration Start the FortiGate VM

 

Create the FortiGate VM virtual machine

To create the FortiGate VM virtual machine:

1. Launch the Hyper-V Manager in your Microsoft server.

The Hyper–V Manager home page opens.

2. Select the server in the right-tree menu. The server details page is displayed.

3. Right-click the server and select New and select Virtual Machine from the menu. Optionally, in the Actions menu, select New and select Virtual Machine from the menu.

The New Virtual Machine Wizard opens.

4. Select Next to create a virtual machine with a custom configuration.

The Specify Name and Location page is displayed.

5. Enter a name for this virtual machine. The name is displayed in the Hyper-V Manager.

Select Next to continue. The Assign Memory page is displayed.

6. Specify the amount of memory to allocate to this virtual machine. The default memory for FortiGate VM is 1GB (1024MB).

Select Next to continue. The Configure Networking page is displayed.

7. Each new virtual machine includes a network adapter. You can configure the network adapter to use a virtual switch, or it can remain disconnected. FortiGate VM requires four network adapters. You must configure network adapters in the Settings page.

Select Next to continue. The Connect Virtual Hard Disk page is displayed.

8. Select to use an existing virtual hard disk and browse for the vhd file that you downloaded from the Fortinet Customer Service & Support portal.

Select Next to continue. The Summary page is displayed.

9. To create the virtual machine and close the wizard, select Finish.

Deployment example – VMware

Once you have downloaded the FGT_VMxx-v5-build0xxx-FORTINET.out.ovf.zip file from http://support.fortinet.com and extracted the package contents to a folder on your local computer, you can use the vSphere client to create the virtual machine from the deployment package OVF template.

The following topics are included in this section:

• Open the FortiGate VM OVF file with the vSphere client
• Configure FortiGate VM hardware settings Transparent mode VMware configuration High Availability VMware configuration Power on your FortiGate VM

Open the FortiGate VM OVF file with the vSphere client

 

To deploy the FortiGate VM OVF template:

1. Launch the VMware vSphere client, enter the IP address or host name of your server, enter your user name and password and select Login.

The vSphere client home page opens.

2. Select File > Deploy OVF Template to launch the OVF Template wizard.

The OVF Template Source page opens.

3. Select the source location of the OVF file. Select Browse and locate the OVF file on your computer. Select Next to continue.

 

The OVF Template Details page opens.

4. Verify the OVF template details. This page details the product name, download size, size on disk, and description.

Select Next to continue.

 

The OVF Template End User License Agreement page opens.

5. Read the end user license agreement for FortiGate VM. Select Accept and then select Next to continue.

 

The OVF Template Name and Location page opens.

6. Enter a name for this OVF template. The name can contain up to 80 characters and it must be unique within the inventory folder. Select Next to continue.

 

The OVF Template Disk Format page opens.

7. Select one of the following:

• Thick Provision Lazy Zeroed: Allocates the disk space statically (no other volumes can take the space), but does not write zeros to the blocks until the first write takes place to that block during runtime (which includes a full disk format).
• Thick Provision Eager Zeroed: Allocates the disk space statically (no other volumes can take the space), and writes zeros to all the blocks.
• Thin Provision: Allocates the disk space only when a write occurs to a block, but the total volume size is reported by VMFS to the OS. Other volumes can take the remaining space. This allows you to float space between your servers, and expand your storage when your size monitoring indicates there is a problem. Note that once a Thin Provisioned block is allocated, it remains on the volume regardless if you have deleted data, etc.

8. Select Next to continue.

 

The OVF Template Network Mapping page opens.

9. Map the networks used in this OVF template to networks in your inventory. Network 1 maps to port1 of the FortiGate VM. You must set the destination network for this entry to access the device console. Select Next to continue.

 

The OVF Template Ready to Complete page opens.

10. Review the template configuration. Make sure that Power on after deployment is not enabled. You might need to configure the FortiGate VM hardware settings prior to powering on the FortiGate VM.

11. Select Finish to deploy the OVF template. You will receive a Deployment Completed Successfully dialog box once the FortiGate VM OVF template wizard has finished.

 

Configure FortiGate VM hardware settings

Before powering on your FortiGate VM you must configure the virtual memory, virtual CPU, and virtual disk configuration to match your FortiGate VM license.

 

Transparent mode VMware configuration

If you want to use your FortiGate-VM in transparent mode, your VMware server’s virtual switches must operate in promiscuous mode. This permits these interfaces to receive traffic that will pass through the FortiGate unit but was not addressed to the FortiGate unit.

 

In VMware, promiscuous mode must be explicitly enabled:

1. In the vSphere client, select your VMware server in the left pane and then select the Configuration tab in the right pane.

2. In Hardware, select Networking.

3. Select Properties of vSwitch0.

4. In the Properties window left pane, select vSwitch and then select Edit.

5. Select the Security tab, set Promiscuous Mode to Accept, then select OK.

6. Select Close.

7. Repeat steps 3 through 6 for other vSwitches that your transparent mode FortiGate-VM uses.

 

High Availability VMware configuration

If you want to combine two or more FortiGate-VM instances into a FortiGate Clustering Protocol (FGCP) High Availability (HA) cluster the VMware server’s virtual switches used to connect the heartbeat interfaces must operate in promiscuous mode. This permits HA heartbeat communication between the heartbeat interfaces. HA heartbeat packets are non-TCP packets that use Ethertype values 0x8890, 0x8891, and 0x8890. The FGCP uses link-local IP4 addresses in the 169.254.0.x range for HA heartbeat interface IP addresses.

 

To enable promiscuous mode in VMware:

1. In the vSphere client, select your VMware server in the left pane and then select the Configuration tab in the right pane.

2. In Hardware, select Networking.

3. Select Properties of a virtual switch used to connect heartbeat interfaces.

4. In the Properties window left pane, select vSwitch and then select Edit.

5. Select the Security tab, set Promiscuous Mode to Accept, then select OK.

6. Select Close.

 

You must also set the virtual switches connected to other FortiGate interfaces to allow MAC address changes and to accept forged transmits. This is required because the FGCP sets virtual MAC addresses for all FortiGate interfaces and the same interfaces on the different VM instances in the cluster will have the same virtual MAC addresses.

To make the required changes in VMware:

1. In the vSphere client, select your VMware server in the left pane and then select the Configuration tab in the right pane.

2. In Hardware, select Networking.

3. Select Properties of a virtual switch used to connect FortiGate VM interfaces.

4. Set MAC Address ChangestoAccept.

5. Set Forged Transmits to Accept.

 

Power on your FortiGate VM

You can now proceed to power on your FortiGate VM. There are several ways to do this:

• Select the name of the FortiGate VM you deployed in the inventory list and select Power on the virtual machine in the Getting Started tab.
• In the inventory list, right-click the name of the FortiGate VM you deployed, and select Power > Power On.
• Select the name of the FortiGate VM you deployed in the inventory list. Click the Power On button on the toolbar.

Select the Console tab to view the console. To enter text, you must click in the console pane. The mouse is then captured and cannot leave the console screen. As the FortiGate console is text-only, no mouse pointer is visible. To release the mouse, press Ctrl-Alt.