RAID management
RAID management
RAID helps to divide data storage over multiple disks, providing increased data reliability. FortiManager units that contain multiple hard disks can have RAID configured for capacity, performance, and availability.
You can view the status of the RAID array from the RAID Management page found at System Settings > RAID Management. This page displays the status of each disk in the RAID array, including the system’s RAID level. This widget also displays how much disk space is being used.
The Alert Message Console widget, located in System Settings > Dashboard, provides detailed information about RAID array failures. For more information see Alert Messages Console widget.
If you need to remove a disk from the FortiManager unit, you may be able to hot swap it. Hot swapping means replacing a hard disk while the device is in operation. Hot swapping is a quick and efficient way to replace hard disks. For more information about hot swapping, see Hot swapping hard disks.
RAID management page

The following information is displayed in this page:
Summary Hover the mouse cursor over a disk to view the disk number, model, firmware version, level, capacity, and status.
RAID Level The RAID level. Select [Change] to change the RAID level. Select the RAID level from the drop-down list and select OK. If RAID settings are changed, all data will be deleted.
Status The RAID status is displayed.
Disk Space Usage The disk space usage is displayed as a percentage. The amount of space used, free, and total is also displayed.
Disk Management The table lists the disk number, member of RAID, disk status, disk size, and disk model.
RAID management
To configure the RAID level:
1. Go to System Settings > RAID Management.
2. Select Change in the RAID Level field. The RAID Settings dialog box opens.
RAID settings

3. From the RAID Level list, select the RAID option you want to use, then select OK.
4. Once selected, depending on the RAID level, it may take a while to generate the RAID array.

Supported RAID levels
FortiManager units with multiple hard drives can support the following RAID levels:
Linear RAID
A Linear RAID array combines all hard disks into one large virtual disk. The total space available in this option is the capacity of all disks used. There is very little performance change when using this RAID format. If any of the drives fails, the entire set of drives is unusable until the faulty drive is replaced. All data will be lost.
RAID 0
A RAID 0 array is also referred to as striping. The FortiManager unit writes information evenly across all hard disks. The total space available is that of all the disks in the RAID array. There is no redundancy available. If any single drive fails, the data on that drive cannot be recovered. This RAID level is beneficial because it provides better performance, since the FortiManager unit can distribute disk writing across multiple disks.
RAID 1
A RAID 1 array is also referred to as mirroring. The FortiManager unit writes information to one hard disk, and writes a copy (a mirror image) of all information to all other hard disks. The total disk space available is that of only one hard disk, as the others are solely used for mirroring. This provides redundant data storage with no single point of failure. Should any of the hard disks fail, there are several backup hard disks available.
RAID 1 +Spare
RAID management
A RAID 1 with hot spare array uses one of the hard disks as a hot spare (a stand-by disk for the RAID). If a hard disk fails, within a minute of the failure, the hot spare is substituted for the failed drive, integrating it into the RAID array, and rebuilding the RAID’s data. When you replace the failed hard disk, the new hard disk is used as the new hot spare. The total disk space available is the total number of disks minus two.
RAID 5
A RAID 5 array employs striping with a parity check. Similar to RAID 0, the FortiManager unit writes information evenly across all drives but additional parity blocks are written on the same stripes. The parity block is staggered for each stripe. The total disk space is the total number of disks in the array, minus one disk for parity storage. For example, with four hard disks, the total capacity available is actually the total for three hard disks. RAID 5 performance is typically better with reading than with writing, although performance is degraded when one disk has failed or is missing. With RAID 5, one disk can fail without the loss of data. If a drive fails, it can be replaced and the FortiManager unit will restore the data on the new disk by using reference information from the parity volume.
RAID 5 +Spare
A RAID 5 with hot spare array uses one of the hard disks as a hot spare (a stand-by disk for the RAID). If a hard disk fails, within a minute of the failure, the hot spare is substituted for the failed drive, integrating it into the RAID array, and rebuilding the RAID’s data. When you replace the failed hard disk, the new hard disk is used as the new hot spare. The total disk space available is the total number of disks minus two.
RAID 6
A RAID 6 array is the same as a RAID 5 array with an additional parity block. It uses block-level striping with two parity blocks distributed across all member disks.
RAID 6 +Spare
A RAID 6 with hot spare array is the same as a RAID 5 with hot spare array with an additional parity block.
RAID 10
RAID 10 (or 1+0), includes nested RAID levels 1 and 0, or a stripe (RAID 0) of mirrors (RAID 1). The total disk space available is the total number of disks in the array (a minimum of 4) divided by 2, for example:
two RAID 1 arrays of two disks each three RAID 1 arrays of two disks each six RAID1 arrays of two disks each.
One drive from a RAID 1 array can fail without the loss of data; however, should the other drive in the RAID 1 array fail, all data will be lost. In this situation, it is important to replace a failed drive as quickly as possible.
RAID 50
RAID 50 (or 5+0) includes nested RAID levels 5 and 0, or a stripe (RAID 0) and stripe with parity (RAID 5). The total disk space available is the total number of disks minus the number of RAID 5 sub-arrays. RAID 50 provides increased performance and also ensures no data loss for the same reasons as RAID 5. One drive in each RAID 5 array can fail without the loss of data.
RAID 50 is only available on models with 9 or more disks. By default, two groups are used unless otherwise configured via the CLI. Use the diagnose system raid status CLI command to view your current RAID level, status, size, groups, and hard disk drive information.
RAID 60
RAID management
A RAID 60 (6+0) array combines the straight, block-level striping of RAID 0 with the distributed double parity of RAID 6. It requires at least eight disks.
Hot swapping hard disks
If a hard disk on a FortiManager unit fails, it must be replaced. On FortiManager devices that support hardware RAID, the hard disk can be replaced while the unit is still running, also known as hot swapping. On FortiManager units with software RAID, the device must be shutdown prior to exchanging the hard disk.
FortiManager 1000 series devices and below do not support hot swapping. For more information, see the Replacing Hard Drives Guide.
To identify which hard disk failed, read the relevant log message in the Alert Message Console widget (see Alert Messages Console widget).
To hot swap a hard disk on a device that supports hardware RAID, simply remove the faulty hard disk and replace it with a new one.:

Electrostatic discharge (ESD) can damage FortiManager equipment. Only perform the procedures described in this document from an ESD workstation. If no such station is available, you can provide some ESD protection by wearing an anti-static wrist or ankle strap and attaching it to an ESD connector or to a metal part of a FortiManager chassis.
When replacing a hard disk, you need to first verify that the new disk has the same size as those supplied by Fortinet and has at least the same capacity as the old one in the FortiManager unit. Installing a smaller hard disk will affect the RAID setup and may cause data loss. Due to possible differences in sector layout between disks, the only way to guarantee that two disks have the same size is to use the same brand and model.
The size provided by the hard drive manufacturer for a given disk model is only an approximation. The exact size is determined by the number of sectors present on the disk.

The FortiManager unit will automatically add the new disk to the current RAID array. The status appears on the console. The page will display a green check mark icon for all disks and the RAID Status area will display the progress of the RAID re-synchronization/rebuild.

Adding new disks
Some FortiManager units have space to add more hard disks to increase your storage capacity.

To add more hard disks:
1. Obtain the same disks as those supplied by Fortinet.
2. Back up the log data on the FortiManager unit.
You can also migrate the data to another FortiManager unit if you have one. Data migration reduces system down time and risk of data loss. For information on data backup, see Backing up the system.
3. Install the disks on the FortiManager unit. If your unit supports hot swapping, you can do so while the unit is running.
4. Configure the RAID level.
If you have backed up the log data, restore the data. For more information, see Restoring the configuration.
Network
The FortiManager unit can manage Fortinet devices connected to any of its interfaces. The only exception being if the FortiManager unit is operating as part of an HA cluster, in which case, the interface used for HA operation is not available for other uses. The DNS servers must be on the networks to which the FortiManager unit connects, and should be two different addresses.
To view the configured network interfaces, go to System Settings > Network. The Network screen is displayed.
Network screen